Stained glass
At the ReSource customers often ask for stained glass windows. Our stock is somewhat limited to some smaller pieces, mostly leaded glass as opposed to stained glass proper, and usually with some damage.
Leaded and Stained Glass
The most common type of windows in Buffalo are leaded glass windows rather than stained glass. Leaded
glass windows are generally composed of clear glass, although it may be rippled, seedy, beveled, etc… commonly floral and geometric designs are created by the came (the leading) around the glass. I believe these windows were so ubiquitous because they were produced cheaply by mass production techniques. The designs were simpler and clear glass parts were mass produced and needed little cutting. The windows could also be assembled by unskilled labor. I believe that people were emulating the stained glass displayed by the wealthiest households with the means they had. To me it is a testament to the aesthetic sense that Buffalonians had. I’ve never seen more leaded and stained glass in any other city.
By contrast, true stained glass windows are usually unique masterworks. They are/were very expensive
– hence the reason they reside in mansions and churches. Strictly speaking stained glass is a mosaic of colored glass. The glasses form the design and the leading is generally not the focus. The cost is born out in the originality, the intricacy, the glass quality, the scale, and labor for these windows. Colored glass was expensive with pink and reddish glasses often containing gold! When unique sheets of grained and swirled glasses such as Youghiogheny glass were used it was customary to have grain patterns continuous across the piece. For example the petals of a flower might all be cut from the same sheet, even though this wastes a lot of glass. Each piece of glass in the mosaic had to be roughly cut and then shaped by a process called grozing – essentially nipping away the sharp points until the glass is the shape desired. Assembly was the same as for leaded windows, except where fancier leading was desired.
Some windows also have drawings on them, e.g. the faces in church windows. This process involves painting the image onto the glasses with “trace paint” mixed in vinegar or gum Arabic depending on the effect needed. The glass then had to be fired at 1100oF for many hours to evaporate the gum Arabic or other base and let the paint fuse into the glass.
I have included a copy of a page from a favorite book of mine, “Cathedral” by a favorite author/illustrator David Macaulay. From top to bottom it shows the process of making glass, smelting lead, spinning sheets from blown glass, designing, cutting and assembling stained glass windows in 1300 AD. The process has changed little since.
I should note that despite the definitions above there are also extremely intricate leaded windows, cheap unimpressive stained glass windows, and windows that combine both elements.
Care and Feeding of Stained and Leaded Glass
In my neighborhood of about 60 houses only one or two still retain all or part of their leaded glass windows. All had them at one time. This illustrates how rare they are and why the ones we get at the ReSource are usually damaged. That’s the bad news. The good news is that they can be readily repaired. They can also be modified or made more fanciful with a little work. They can also find new life as wall decorations, room dividers, tables or whatever your mind can conceive. Depending on the repair or modification this may not be cheap though, as it requires entirely manual labor.
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